Gasoline, Fuel carburetor, Gasolines, Fuel liquid, Fuel gaseous

Gasoline is received by a razgonka and selection of the fractions of oil which are boiling away in certain temperature limits; to 100 °C — grade gasoline I, to 110 °C — gasoline special, to 130 °C — grade gasoline II, to 265 °C — kerosene ("meteor"), to 270 °C — kerosene ordinary, approximately to 300 °C — is made selection of oil fractions. The rest is considered fuel oil. Improvement of quality of automobile gasoline it is possible to Increase quality of automobile gasolines due to the following actions: refusal of application as a part of gasolines of compounds of lead; decrease in content in sulfur gasoline to 0,05%, and in the long term to 0,003%; decrease in content in gasoline of aromatic hydrocarbons to 45%, and in the long term to 35%; rationing of concentration of the actual pitches in gasolines on the place of application at the level of no more than 5 mg on 100 cm ³; divisions of gasolines on fractional structure and pressure of saturated steam upon 8 classes taking into account a season of operation of cars and the ambient temperature characteristic of a concrete climatic zone. Existence of classes allows to let out gasoline with properties, optimum for actual temperatures of air that ensures functioning of engines without formation of steam traffic jams at air temperatures to +60 °C, and also guarantees a high evaporability of gasolines and easy launch of the engine at temperatures below -35 °C; introductions of the washing additives which are not allowing pollution and an osmoleniye of details of the fuel equipment. The existing and perspective domestic and foreign requirements for a number of ecological indicators of gasolines are provided in tab. 1.3. The most mass domestic A-76, AI-93 gasolines (State standard specifications 2084-77) and AI-92 (TU 38.001165-97) do not meet the specified requirements for the content of lead (for ethylated gasolines), a mass fraction of sulfur, to lack of a regulation of content of benzene and the washing additives.